Eminyakeni yamuva, izinhlelo zokugcina amandla e-photovoltaic zasekhaya ezihlakaniphile bezilokhu zidumile.Inganikeza amandla aluhlaza emndenini kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunini nasebusuku kanye nokugeleza okuzinzile.Ngokuphehla amandla elanga, ungakhathazeki ngezitebhisi zikagesi wezinga eliphezulu, ukonga izindleko zikagesi, futhi kungavikela kangcono impilo yezinga eliphezulu yomndeni ngamunye.
Emini, isistimu yokugcina amandla e-photovoltaic yasendlini idonsa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga futhi iwugcine ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze ilayishe ebusuku.Uma kuziwa ekunqamukeni kukagesi ngephutha, isistimu ingase futhi ishintshe ngokuzenzakalelayo ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi ayisipele sasekhaya ngesikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile kokukhanyisa nezinhlelo zemishini kagesi ngaso sonke isikhathi.Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwamandla, iphakethe lebhethri kusistimu yokugcina amandla yomndeni lingashajwa ngokwalo ukuze kusetshenziswe isiqongo samandla ayisipele noma lapho kusetshenziswa amandla.Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa njengesiphakeli samandla esiphuthumayo, isistimu yokugcina amandla yasekhaya nayo ingalinganiswa.Izindleko zamandla.I-smart home photovoltaic energy storage system iyafana ne-micro-energy storage power station, engathinteki ekucindezelweni kwamandla kagesi emadolobheni.
Uphawu lombuzo wochwepheshe?
Yiziphi izingxenye zesistimu yesitoreji samandla e-photovoltaic yasekhaya enamandla ngokuvamile eyakhiwe futhi yini encike kakhulu kuyo?Yiziphi izigaba zezinhlelo zokugcina amandla e-photovoltaic zasekhaya?Ungakhetha kanjani isistimu yokugcina amandla e-photovoltaic yasekhaya?
I-CEM “Yesibili Qonda” ulwazi oluncane
L iyini isistimu yokugcina amandla e-photovoltaic yasekhaya
Isistimu yokugcina amandla e-photovoltaic yasekhaya iyisistimu ehlanganisa uhlelo lokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric yelanga nemishini yokugcina amandla, engaguqula ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga kumandla wamandla agciniwe.Lolu hlelo luvumela abasebenzisi basekhaya ukuthi bakhiqize ugesi phakathi nosuku futhi bagcine amandla kagesi amaningi, futhi bawasebenzise ebusuku noma ezimeni zokukhanya okuphansi.
l Ukuhlukaniswa kwesistimu yokugcina amandla e-photovoltaic yomndeni
Isistimu yokugcina amandla yomndeni okwamanje ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili, enye isistimu yokugcina amandla omndeni exhunywe igridi, kanti enye isistimu yokugcina amandla enethiwekhi.
Ukufanisa isistimu yokugcina amandla omndeni
Iqukethe eziningi zazo ezinhlanu, okuhlanganisa: ibhethri yelanga, i-inverter exhunywe kugridi, uhlelo lokuphatha lwe-BMS, iphakethe lebhethri, umthwalo wokuxhumana.Uhlelo lusebenzisa i-photovoltaic kanye nesistimu yokugcina amandla exubile.Uma ugesi kamasipala ujwayelekile, uhlelo lwegridi ye-photovoltaic kanye namandla kamasipala anikwa amandla ngumthwalo;lapho amandla kamasipala ephukile, uhlelo lokugcina amandla kanye ne-photovoltaic grid -grid system ihlanganiswa namandla.Uhlelo lwenethiwekhi yokugcina amandla enethiwekhi luhlukaniswe ngezindlela ezintathu zokusebenza.Imodeli yokuqala: I-Photovoltaic inikeza ukugcinwa kwamandla nokufinyelela kukagesi ku-inthanethi;Imodeli 2: I-Photovoltaic inikeza isitoreji samandla nokunye ukusetshenziswa kwamandla omsebenzisi;Imodeli yesi-3: I-Photovoltaic inikeza kuphela isitoreji samandla.
Uhlelo lokugcina amandla omndeni
Izimele, futhi akukho ukuxhumana kukagesi negridi yamandla.Ngakho-ke, lonke uhlelo aludingi ukuxhunywa ku-inverter, futhi i-photovoltaic inverter ingahlangabezana nezidingo.Isistimu yokugcina amandla yendlu yokuhamba ihlukaniswe ngezindlela ezintathu zokusebenza, imodi 1: isitoreji se-photovoltaic kanye nogesi womsebenzisi (izinsuku ezinelanga);Imodi 2: amabhethri e-photovoltaic nawokugcina amandla ahlinzeka abasebenzisi ngogesi (izinsuku eziguqubele);Imodi 3: Ukugcina amandla: Ukugcina amandla Ibhethri lihlinzeka abasebenzisi ngogesi (kusihlwa nezinsuku zemvula).
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi igridi -isistimu yokugcina amandla yasekhaya exhunyiwe noma inethiwekhi yezinhlelo zokugcina amandla kusuka kunethiwekhi, i-inverter ayinakuhlukaniswa.I-inverter ifana nobuchopho nenhliziyo ohlelweni.
yini inverter?
I-inverter iyisakhi esijwayelekile ku-electron kagesi, engaguqula ugesi we-DC (ibhethri, ibhethri) ibe ugesi we-AC (ngokuvamile i-220V50Hz sine noma igagasi lesikwele).Ngamagama adumile, i-inverter iyisisetshenziswa esiguqula i-DC (DC) ibe amandla e-AC (AC).Iqukethe ibhuloho le-inverter, i-logic yokulawula kanye nesifunda sokuhlunga.Izingxenye ezivamile yi-rectifier diode ne-crystal tube.Cishe zonke izinto zasendlini kanye namakhompiyutha anama-rectifiers, afakwe kugesi wezinto zikagesi.Izinguquko ze-DC ziyaxhumana, ezibizwa nge-inverter.
l Kungani i-inverter ithatha isikhundla esibaluleke kangaka?
Ukudluliswa kwe-AC kusebenza kahle kakhulu kunokudluliswa kwe-DC, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ekudluliselweni kwamandla.Amandla ahlakazayo wamanje odlulisiwe ocingweni angatholwa ngu-P = I2R (isikwele × isiphikisa samandla = samanje).Ngokusobala, ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kudinga ukuncishiswa ukuze kuncishiswe amandla asakazwayo noma ukumelana nocingo.Ngenxa yezindleko kanye nobuchwepheshe obunomkhawulo, kunzima ukunciphisa ulayini wokudlulisela (njengocingo lwethusi) ukumelana, ngakho ukunciphisa amandla okudlulisela kuyindlela eyingqayizivele nephumelelayo.Ngokusho kuka-P = IU (amandla = amanje × i-voltage, empeleni, amandla asebenzayo p = IUCOS φ), ukushintsha ugesi we-DC ube amandla e-AC, ukuthuthukisa i-voltage yegridi yamandla ukuze kuncishiswe amandla amanje ocingweni ukuze kufezwe injongo yokonga. amandla.
Ngokufanayo, ohlelweni lokukhiqiza amandla e-solar photovoltaic, amandla e-photovoltaic arrays angamandla e-DC, kodwa imithwalo eminingi idinga amandla e-AC.Kunomkhawulo omkhulu wesistimu yokuphakelwa kwamandla kagesi e-DC, okungelula ukushintsha i-voltage, futhi ububanzi bokufaka isicelo somthwalo bulinganiselwe.Ngaphezu komthwalo wamandla okhethekile, isiguquli sidinga ukusetshenziselwa ukuguqula ugesi we-DC ube amandla e-AC.I-Photovoltaic inverter iyinhliziyo yohlelo lokukhiqiza amandla elanga le-photovoltaic.Ihumusha ugesi we-DC okhiqizwe izingxenye ze-photovoltaic kumandla we-AC, ithutha okokusebenza kwe-elekthronikhi ngemithwalo yasendaweni noma amagridi, futhi inemisebenzi yokuvikela ehlobene.I-inverter ye-photovoltaic ikakhulukazi yakhiwa amamojula wamandla, amabhodi wesifunda olawulayo, ama-breaker circuit, izihlungi, izihlungi zikagesi, ama-transformers, ama-contactors, namakhabethe.Njengesixhumanisi, ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kuncike ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bamandla kagesi, ubuchwepheshe bedivaysi ye-semiconductor kanye nobuchwepheshe besimanje bokulawula.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-inverters
I-inverter ingahlukaniswa ngokwezigaba ezintathu ezilandelayo:
1. igridi -i-inverter exhunyiwe
I-inverter exhunywe kugridi iyisiguquli esikhethekile.Ngokungeziwe ekushintsheni koshintsho lukagesi we-DC, ukuphuma kwamandla e-AC kungavunyelaniswa nefrikhwensi nesigaba sikagesi kamasipala.Ngakho-ke I-inverter inamandla okuvumelanisa ukuxhumana nentambo yedolobha.Idizayini yale inverter iwukudlulisa amandla angasetshenzisiwe kugridi yamandla.Ayidingi ukuthi ifakwe ibhethri.Ingafakwa ubuchwepheshe be-MTTP kusekethe yayo yokufaka.
2. Shiya inverter Inthanethi
I-inverter ye-liberal ivamise ukufakwa ebhodini lamaseli elanga, ijeneretha encane yamasondo omoya noma okunye ugesi we-DC, futhi amandla e-DC aguqulwa abe amandla e-AC angasetshenziselwa ukunikezwa kwamandla ekhaya.Ingasebenzisa amandla asuka kugridi yamandla nebhethri ukuze inike amandla umthwalo wamandla.Ngenxa yokuthi ayihlangene namandla kamasipala futhi ayidingi ukunikezwa kwamandla angaphandle, ibizwa ngokuthi "ukusuka".
I-roser inverter ekuqaleni yayiwuhlelo olunikeza amandla ebhethri okubona igridi encane yesifunda.Endabeni yokokufaka kwamanje, okokufaka kwe-DC, okokufaka kokushaja okusheshayo, ukuphuma kwe-DC okunomthamo omkhulu kanye nokuphumayo kwe-AC okusheshayo, i-out -of -network inverter ingagcina amandla futhi iwaguqulele kwezinye izinto.Isebenzisa ingqondo yokulawula ukulungisa isimo sokufaka nokukhiphayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kunikezwa kusukela emthonjeni wamaphaneli elanga noma amajeneretha amasondo omoya amancane, futhi ikhwalithi yamandla ithuthukiswa ngokusebenzisa ukuphuma kwegagasi le-sine elimsulwa.
Ku-inverter yenethiwekhi, ibhethri iyimpoqo ohlelweni lwamandla elanga lenethiwekhi, futhi igcina amandla ngebhethri ukuze isetshenziswe ekushoneni kwelanga noma ngaphandle kukagesi.I-backbone inverter iphinde isize ukunciphisa ukuncika kumagridi wamandla wendabuko.Lokhu kuncika kuvame ukubangela inkinga yezinkinga zokungazinzi kwamandla okunqamuka kukagesi, ukuphela kukagesi, nezinkampani zikagesi ezingakwazi ukuziqeda.
Ukwengeza, i-inverter yokuhlukanisa ngesilawuli sokushaja solar kusho ukuthi kukhona isilawuli selanga se-PWM noma se-MPPT ngaphakathi kwe-solar inverter.Abasebenzisi bangaxhuma okokufaka kwe-photovoltaic ku-inverter yelanga futhi bahlole esikrinini sokubonisa isikrini sokubonisa inverter yelanga Isimo se-Photovoltaic, esilungele ukuxhumeka kwesistimu nokuhlolwa.I-inverter ye-mesh yenza ukuzibona ngokwayo kujeneretha ebekiwe kanye nebhethri ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yamandla ephelele futhi ezinzile.Ngokuyinhloko isetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngogesi kumaphrojekthi athile okuhlala nawokuhweba, futhi amanani aphansi-watt asetshenziselwa ukunika amandla izinto zikagesi zomndeni.
3. I-inverter ehlanganisiwe
Kuma-inverters e-hybrid, ngokuvamile kunezincazelo ezimbili ezihlukene, enye i-inverter yokuhamba yesilawuli sokushaja esakhelwe ngaphakathi, kanti enye i-inverter ehlukaniswa nenethiwekhi.Ingase futhi isetshenziselwe uhlelo lwenethiwekhi ye-photovoltaic, futhi ibhethri layo lingabuye lilungiswe ngokuguquguqukayo.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-inverter
1. Ukusebenza okuzenzakalelayo nomsebenzi wokumisa
Emini, njengoba i-angle yelanga ikhula kancane kancane, amandla emisebe yelanga nawo azokhula.Isistimu ye-photovoltaic ingamunca amandla amaningi elanga.Lapho amandla okukhiphayo omsebenzi we-inverter efinyelelwe, i-inverter ingaqala ngokuzenzakalelayo.gijima.Uma amandla okukhipha amandla esistimu ye-photovoltaic eba kuncane futhi okukhiphayo kwegridi/isiguquli sesitoreji samandla kungu-0 noma cishe u-0, izoyeka ukusebenza futhi ibe yisimo sokulinda.
2. Anti -Island Effect umsebenzi
Phakathi nenqubo exhunywe kugridi ye-photovoltaic, isistimu yokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic kanye nesistimu yamandla ixhunywe kugridi.Uma igridi yamandla omphakathi ingavamile ngenxa yamandla angavamile, isistimu yokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic ayikwazi ukuyeka ukusebenza ngesikhathi noma inqamule ngesistimu yamandla.Kusesimeni sokutholakala kukagesi.Kubizwa ngokuthi umphumela wesiqhingi.Umphumela wesiqhingi uyenzeka, futhi kuyingozi kumasistimu we-photovoltaic namagridi.
I-grid-connected/energy storage inverter ine-anti-lone island protection circuit ngaphakathi, engakwazi ukubona ngobuhlakani i-voltage, imvamisa kanye nolunye ulwazi lwegridi yamandla ukuze ihlanganiswe ngesikhathi sangempela.Uma igridi yamandla omphakathi isitholakele, ngenxa yokungajwayelekile, isiguquli singalinganiswa ngokwesilinganiso sangempela esihlukile ngokuya ngesilinganiso sangempela esihlukile.Inani liyanqanyulwa phakathi nesikhathi esihambisanayo, okukhiphayo okumisiwe, futhi kubika iphutha.
3. Umsebenzi wokulawula ukulandelela indawo yamandla aphezulu
Ubukhulu bomsebenzi wokulawula ukulandelela indawo yamandla umsebenzi we-MPPT, okuwubuchwepheshe bokhiye obuyinhloko be-grid -connected/energy storage inverter.Isho ikhono lokulandelela amandla amakhulu okukhipha ingxenye ngesikhathi sangempela.
Amandla okukhiphayo wesistimu ye-photovoltaic azothinteka yizici ezihlukahlukene futhi asesimweni soshintsho, futhi amandla aphumayo angcono kakhulu agcinwa ngegama.
Umsebenzi we-MPPT wegridi/i-inverter yokugcina amandla ungalandelelwa ngesikhathi sangempela kuze kufike emandleni amakhulu ingxenye engakwazi ukuwakhipha ngesikhathi ngasinye.Ngesistimu yokulungiswa okuhlakaniphile yokusebenza kwe-voltage (noma yamanje), isondela eduze kwendawo yamandla ephakeme kakhulu, izinga eliphezulu.
4. Umsebenzi wokuqapha iyunithi yezinhlamvu zeqembu elihlakaniphile
Ngesisekelo sokuqapha kwe-MPPT yasekuqaleni kwesiguquli segridi/isitoreji samandla, umsebenzi wokuthola iyunithi yezinhlamvu zeqembu elihlakaniphile usuqalisiwe.Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuqapha kwe-MPPT, ukuqapha kwamandla kagesi kunembile kuzintambo zeqembu legatsha ngalinye.Abasebenzisi Ungakwazi ukubuka ngokucacile idatha esebenzayo yesikhathi sangempela yendlela ngayinye.
Njengamanje, imishini yokugcina amandla yabasebenzisi ngokuyinhloko isistimu yokuphatha ibhethri ye-BMS, kanye ne-photovoltaic grid -i-inverter exhunyiwe kanye ne-inverter yokugcina amandla.Ephendula izidingo zemishini yokugcina amandla omndeni engenhla futhi kuhlanganiswe nezici zokuhlukaniswa zokuphepha kweyunithi yesifunda seyunithi yezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic, i-Huashengchang yethule isethi yezinhlelo zokugcina amandla e-photovoltaic zasekhaya.Ama-inverter ikakhulukazi ama-inverter axhumene negridi nama-inverter ayi-hybrid.umusa.
Izinzuzo zokugcina amandla ekhaya
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-22-2023