Phakathi nesikhathi “soHlelo Lweminyaka Eyishumi Nantathu”, ukukhiqizwa nokuthengiswa kwezimoto zaseShayina zamandla amasha kukhule ngokushesha, kwabekwa kuqala emhlabeni iminyaka emihlanu ilandelana.Kulindeleke ukuthi isibalo sezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla sidlule ku-5 million ekupheleni kwalo nyaka.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindaba ezinhle ziyaqhubeka zivela e-China kubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bamabhethri anamandla amasha.UChen Liquan oneminyaka engu-80 ubudala, umuntu wokuqala embonini yebhethri ye-lithium yaseChina, uhole iqembu lakhe ukuthi lakhe izinto ezintsha zebhethri.
Ibhethri elisha le-nano-silicon lithium liyakhululwa, elinamandla aphindwe izikhathi ezi-5 kunebhethri le-lithium lendabuko
U-Chen Liquan, isazi semfundo ephakeme esineminyaka engu-80 ubudala se-Chinese Academy of Engineering, ungumsunguli wemboni yebhethri ye-lithium yaseChina.Ngawo-1980, u-Chen Liquan nethimba lakhe bahola ekwenzeni ucwaningo ngama-electrolyte aqinile namabhethri esibili e-lithium e-China.Ngo-1996, wahola ithimba locwaningo lwesayensi ukuthuthukisa amabhethri e-lithium-ion okokuqala ngqa e-China, wahola ekuxazululeni izinkinga zesayensi, ezobuchwepheshe nezobunjiniyela zokukhiqizwa okukhulu kwamabhethri asekhaya e-lithium-ion, futhi waqaphela ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni. amabhethri e-lithium-ion asekhaya.
E-Liyang, uJiangsu, u-Li Hong, ongumvikeli we-Academician Chen Liquan, uhole ithimba lakhe ukuthi lifinyelele impumelelo ezintweni ezingavuthiwe zamabhethri e-lithium ngemva kweminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 yocwaningo lobuchwepheshe nokukhiqiza ngobuningi ngo-2017.
I-nano-silicon anode material yinto entsha eyenziwe ngokuzimela yibona.Umthamo wamabhethri wezinkinobho enziwe kuwo uphindwe kahlanu kunamabhethri e-lithium endabuko e-graphite.
U-Luo Fei, Umphathi Jikelele we-Tianmu Leading Battery Material Technology Co., Ltd.
I-silicon itholakala kabanzi emvelweni futhi igcwele ezindaweni zokulondoloza.Ingxenye eyinhloko yesihlabathi i-silica.Kodwa ukwenza i-silicon yensimbi ibe yi-silicon anode material, ukucubungula okukhethekile kuyadingeka.Elabhorethri, akunzima ukuqedela ukucubungula okunjalo, kodwa ukwenza izinto ze-silicon anode ye-ton-level kudinga ucwaningo oluningi lobuchwepheshe nokuhlola.
I-Institute of Physics ye-Chinese Academy of Sciences ibilokhu icwaninga i-nano-silicon kusukela ngo-1996, futhi yaqala ukwakha umugqa wokukhiqiza we-silicon anode ngo-2012. Kwaze kwaba ngu-2017 lapho umugqa wokuqala wokukhiqiza wakhiwa, futhi uye walungiswa ngokuqhubekayo. futhi kubuyekezwe.Ngemuva kwezinkulungwane zokwehluleka, izinto ze-silicon anode zakhiqizwa ngobuningi.Njengamanje, umkhiqizo wonyaka wefekthri ye-Liyang wezinto ze-silicon anode zamabhethri e-lithium-ion ungafinyelela amathani ayi-2,000.
Uma izinto ze-silicon anode ziyisinqumo esihle sokuthuthukisa ukuminyana kwamandla amabhethri e-lithium esikhathini esizayo, khona-ke ubuchwepheshe bebhethri yesimo esiqinile buyisixazululo esibonakalayo nesisebenzayo sokuxazulula izinkinga zamanje njengokuphepha nokuphila komjikelezo wamabhethri e-lithium.Njengamanje, amazwe amaningi asakha amabhethri e-solid state, futhi ucwaningo lwaseChina nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium yesimo esiqinile nakho kuhambisana nomhlaba.
Kule fekthri e-Liyang, ama-drones asebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium e-solid state akhiwe ithimba eliholwa nguSolwazi uLi Hong anebanga lokuhamba elinobude obungama-20% kunalelo lama-drones anemininingwane efanayo.Imfihlo ilele kulokhu okunsundu okumnyama, okuyingxenye ye-solid state cathode eyakhiwe yi-Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Ngo-2018, ukuklanywa nokuthuthukiswa kwesistimu yebhethri yesimo esiqinile engu-300Wh/kg kwaqedwa lapha.Uma ifakwe emotweni, ingaphinda kabili ibanga lemoto.Ngo-2019, i-Chinese Academy of Sciences yasungula ulayini wokukhiqiza webhethri wesimo esiqinile e-Liyang, e-Jiangsu.NgoMeyi kulo nyaka, imikhiqizo isiqalile ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni ye-elekthronikhi yabathengi.
Kodwa-ke, u-Li Hong utshele izintatheli ukuthi leli akulona ibhethri lesimo esiqinile ngokuphelele ngomqondo ophelele, kodwa ibhethri le-quasi-solid-state elihlale lilungiselelwe ubuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium ewuketshezi.Uma ufuna ukwenza izimoto zibe nebanga elide, omakhalekhukhwini banesikhathi eside sokulinda, futhi akekho ongakwazi Ukuze indiza indize iye phezulu nangaphezulu, kuyadingeka ukwakha amabhethri esimo esiqinile aphephile namakhulu.
Amabhethri amasha ayavela ngokulandelana futhi "I-Electric China" isakhiwa
Akuyona kuphela i-Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, izinkampani eziningi zihlola nobuchwepheshe obusha nezinto zokwakha zamabhethri amasha.Enkampanini yamandla entsha e-Zhuhai, e-Guangdong, ibhasi likagesi elihlanzekile liyashaja endaweni yokubonisa ukushaja yenkampani.
Ngemva kokushaja imizuzu engaphezu kwemithathu, amandla asele anyuke esuka ku-33% aya ngaphezu kuka-60%.Emizuzwini eyi-8 nje kuphela, ibhasi lase likhokhiswe ngokuphelele, likhombisa u-99%.
U-Liang Gong utshele izintatheli ukuthi imizila yamabhasi edolobha isilungisiwe futhi ibanga lokuya nokubuya ngeke lidlule amakhilomitha ayi-100.Ukushaja ngesikhathi sokuphumula komshayeli webhasi kunganikeza ukudlala okugcwele ezinhlelweni zokushajwa kwamabhethri e-lithium titanate ngokushesha.Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhethri e-lithium titanate anezikhathi zomjikelezo.Izinzuzo zokuphila isikhathi eside.
Esikhungweni sokucwaninga ngebhethri sale nkampani, kukhona ibhethri ye-lithium titanate ebilokhu ibhekene nokuhlolwa komjikelezo wokushaja nokukhishwa kusukela ngo-2014. Ikhokhiswe futhi ikhishwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-30,000 eminyakeni eyisithupha.
Kwenye ilabhorethri, ochwepheshe babonise izintatheli ukwehla, ukuhlaba inaliti, nokuhlolwa kokusika kwamabhethri e-lithium titanate.Ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuba inaliti yensimbi ingene ebhethrini, kwakungekho ukusha noma intuthu, futhi ibhethri lalisengasetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile., futhi amabhethri e-lithium titanate anebanga elibanzi lokushisa kwe-ambient.
Nakuba amabhethri e-lithium titanate anezinzuzo zempilo ende, ukuphepha okuphezulu, nokushaja okusheshayo, ukuminyana kwamandla amabhethri e-lithium titanate akuphezulu ngokwanele, cishe uhhafu kuphela wamabhethri e-lithium.Ngakho-ke, bagxile ezimeni zezicelo ezingadingi ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, njengamabhasi, izimoto ezikhethekile, neziteshi zamandla zokugcina amandla.
Mayelana nocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwebhethri yokugcina amandla kanye nokwenza izimboni, ibhethri le-sodium-ion elakhiwe yi-Institute of Physics ye-Chinese Academy of Sciences seliqale umgwaqo wokudayiswa.Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lead-acid, amabhethri e-sodium-ion awagcini nje ngokuba mancane ngosayizi kodwa futhi alula kakhulu ngesisindo somthamo ofanayo wokugcina.Isisindo samabhethri e-sodium-ion yevolumu efanayo singaphansi kwama-30% alawo amabhethri e-lead-acid.Emotweni esebenza ngogesi enesivinini esiphansi, inani likagesi eligcinwe endaweni efanayo likhuphuka ngo-60%.
Ngo-2011, u-Hu Yongsheng, umcwaningi e-Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences naye owafunda ngaphansi kwe-Academician Chen Liquan, wahola iqembu futhi waqala ukusebenza ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-sodium-ion.Ngemva kweminyaka engu-10 yocwaningo lobuchwepheshe, kwasungulwa ibhethri ye-sodium-ion, okuwungqimba olungezansi locwaningo nentuthuko yebhethri ye-sodium-ion eChina nasemhlabeni.futhi izinkambu zokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo zisendaweni ehamba phambili.
Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lithium-ion, enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zamabhethri e-sodium-ion ukuthi izinto zokusetshenziswa zisakazwa kabanzi futhi zishibhile.Impahla eluhlaza yokukhiqiza izinto ezingezinhle ze-electrode igezwa ngamalahle.Intengo ngethani ingaphansi kwamayuan ayinkulungwane, ephansi kakhulu kunentengo yamashumi ezinkulungwane zamayuan ngethani legraphite.Enye impahla, i-sodium carbonate, nayo inothile ngezinsiza futhi ishibhile.
Amabhethri e-sodium-ion akulula ukuwashisa, anokuphepha okuhle, futhi angasebenza ku-minus 40 degrees Celsius.Kodwa-ke, ukuminyana kwamandla akulungile njengalokhu kwamabhethri e-lithium.Njengamanje, zingasetshenziswa kuphela ezimotweni zikagesi ezinejubane eliphansi, iziteshi zamandla okugcina amandla nezinye izinkambu ezidinga ukuminyana kwamandla aphansi.Kodwa-ke, umgomo wamabhethri e-sodium-ion uzosetshenziswa njengempahla yokugcina amandla, futhi uhlelo lwesiteshi samandla sokugcina amandla esingama-kilowathi angu-100 senziwe.
Mayelana nesiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo samabhethri kagesi namabhethri okugcina amandla, u-Chen Liquan, isazi semfundo ephakeme sase-Chinese Academy of Engineering, ukholelwa ukuthi ukuphepha nezindleko kuseyizimfuneko eziyinhloko zocwaningo lobuchwepheshe ngamabhethri kagesi namabhethri okugcina amandla.Endabeni yokuntuleka kwamandla endabuko, amabhethri okugcina amandla angakhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo kugridi, athuthukise ukungqubuzana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kanye nesigodi, futhi akhe isakhiwo samandla esiluhlaza nesimeme.
[Ukubuka kwesigamu sehora] Ukunqoba "amaphuzu obuhlungu" wokuthuthukiswa kwamandla amasha
Eziphakamisweni zikahulumeni omkhulu mayelana “noHlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-14 Lweminyaka Emihlanu”, izimoto ezintsha zamandla namandla amasha, kanye nobuchwepheshe bolwazi lwesizukulwane esisha, i-biotechnology, imishini esezingeni eliphezulu, i-aerospace, kanye nemishini yasolwandle, kubalwe njengezimboni zamasu ezisafufusa ezidinga ukuze kusheshiswe.Ngaso leso sikhathi, kwavezwa ukuthi kuyadingeka ukwakha injini yokukhula yezimboni ezisafufusa ezinamasu futhi kutshalwe ubuchwepheshe obusha, imikhiqizo emisha, izakhiwo zebhizinisi ezintsha, namamodeli amasha.
Kulolu hlelo, sabona ukuthi izikhungo zocwaningo lwesayensi nezinkampani zezimboni zisebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zobuchwepheshe ukuze zinqobe "amaphuzu obuhlungu" wokuthuthukiswa kwamandla amasha.Njengamanje, nakuba ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezamandla entsha yezwe lami sekuzuze izinzuzo ezithile zokuqala, isabhekene nokushiyeka kwentuthuko kanye nobuchwepheshe obuwumongo kusadingeka buphulwe.Laba balindele abantu abanesibindi ukuthi bakhuphuke ngokuhlakanipha futhi banqobe ngokuphikelela.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-23-2023