Amabhethri e-lithium abe yingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwethu kwansuku zonke, anika amandla yonke into kusukela kuma-smartphones nama-laptops kuya ezimotweni zikagesi kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla avuselelekayo.Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokuguquguquka kwawo kanye nezinzuzo eziningi, amabhethri e-lithium nawo abhekana nezinselelo.Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu ngamabhethri e-lithium ubude bawo bokuphila obulinganiselwe kanye nezingozi zokuphepha ezingaba khona.
Izinkinga zempilo yebhethri zikhathaza kakhulu abathengi abaningi nezimboni ezithembele kumabhethri e-lithium.Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amabhethri e-lithium awonakala futhi alahlekelwe amandla awo okushaja, okuholela ekunciphiseni kokusebenza futhi ekugcineni isidingo sokushintshwa.Le mpilo yesevisi enomkhawulo ayikhulisi nje kuphela izindleko zobunikazi, kodwa futhi ikhulisa ukukhathazeka kwemvelo okuhlobene nokulahlwa kwebhethri nokugaywa kabusha.
Ukuwohloka kwamabhethri e-lithium kubangelwa ikakhulukazi izici ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa ukwakheka kongqimba oluqinile lwe-electrolyte interface (SEI), ukuwohloka kwezinto zokwenziwa kwe-electrode, kanye nokukhula kwe-dendrite.Lezi zinqubo zenzeka phakathi nemijikelezo yokushajwa nokukhipha ibhethri, okubangela amandla alo nokusebenza kukonke kwehle kancane kancane.Ngenxa yalokho, isikhathi sokusebenza sedivayisi yomsebenzisi noma imoto singancishiswa, okudinga ukushajwa njalo noma ukushintshwa.
Ngokungeziwe ezindabeni zempilo, izindaba zokuphepha ezihlobene namabhethri e-lithium nazo zidonse ukunaka okusabalele.Ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu amabhethri e-lithium kungenye yezinzuzo zawo eziyinhloko, kodwa kungase futhi kubangele ingozi yokubaleka okushisayo nomlilo uma ibhethri lonakalisiwe, lishajwa ngokweqile noma livezwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.Izigameko zokusha kwebhethri ye-lithium kuma-electronics abathengi, izimoto zikagesi kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla zikhulise ukuqwashisa ngezingozi ezingase zibe khona kanye nesidingo sezinyathelo zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe.
Ukuze kubhekwane nalezi zinselele, abacwaningi nabakhiqizi basebenza ngenkuthalo ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium obuthuthukisiwe ukuze bathuthukise impilo yesevisi nezici zokuphepha.Enye indlela ihilela ukusebenzisa izinto ezintsha ze-electrode nama-electrolyte anganciphisa inqubo yokuwohloka futhi athuthukise ukusebenza okuphelele nempilo yamabhethri e-lithium.Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubekelaphambili ezinhlelweni zokuphatha ibhethri kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulawula ukushisa kuyasetshenziswa ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bokubaleka kokushisa nokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwamabhethri e-lithium.
Enye indawo okugxilwe kuyo ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhethri e-lithium esimo esiqinile, asebenzisa ama-electrolyte aqinile ukuze amiselele ama-electrolyte awuketshezi kumabhethri endabuko e-lithium-ion.Ngenxa yokuncipha kokuvutha kwawo nokuzinza okuthuthukisiwe, amabhethri e-solid-state anamandla okunikeza ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, amandla okushaja ngokushesha nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe.Nakuba amabhethri e-lithium esimo esiqinile asesesigabeni socwaningo nentuthuko, abambe isithembiso sokuxazulula imikhawulo yobuchwepheshe bamanje bebhethri ye-lithium.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imizamo iyaqhubeka yokuthuthukisa ukusimama kwamabhethri e-lithium, okugxile ekuthuthukiseni ukugaywa kabusha kanye nomthelela wemvelo wezinto zebhethri.Uhlelo lokugaywa kabusha luhlose ukubuyisela izinsimbi ezibalulekile njenge-lithium, i-cobalt ne-nickel kumabhethri asetshenzisiwe, ukunciphisa ukuthembela ezintweni ezingavuthiwe kanye nokunciphisa indawo yemvelo yokukhiqizwa nokulahlwa kwebhethri.Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubekelaphambili ekwakhiweni kwebhethri nezinqubo zokukhiqiza iyaqhutshwa ukuze kwakhiwe amabhethri e-lithium angangeni emvelweni futhi onga izinsiza.
Endaweni yezimoto zikagesi, imboni yezimoto itshala imali ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bebhethri ukuze kwandiswe ibanga lokushayela, ukunciphisa izikhathi zokushaja futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuqina kukonke kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion.Le mizamo ibalulekile ekusheshiseni ukwamukelwa kwezimoto zikagesi kanye nokubhekana nezindaba ezihlobene nokukhathazeka okuhlukahlukene kanye nokuwohloka kwamabhethri, ekugcineni kwenze izimoto zikagesi zifinyeleleke kalula futhi zisimeme.
Njengoba isidingo sezixazululo zokugcina amandla siqhubeka sikhula, ikakhulukazi kumongo wokuhlanganiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo kanye nokuzinza kwegridi, ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhethri e-lithium athembekile futhi ahlala isikhathi eside kubalulekile.Amasistimu okugcina amandla asekelwe kubhethri e-lithium adlala indima ebalulekile ekulinganiseni ukuhlinzekwa nesidingo, ukugcina amandla amaningi avuselelekayo, kanye nokunikeza amandla ayisipele ngesikhathi sokucisha kwegridi.Ngokunqoba izinselele ezihlobene nempilo yebhethri nokuphepha, amabhethri e-lithium angaqhubeka anike amandla ukushintshela kungqalasizinda yamandla ehlanzekile, eqinile.
Kafushane, nakuba amabhethri e-lithium eguqule indlela esinika amandla ngayo amadivayisi nezimoto, ukuphila kwawo okulinganiselwe kanye nokukhathazeka kokuphepha kuseyinselele enkulu.Ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga kudinga ukuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo nokusebenzisana kuyo yonke imboni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubuchwepheshe bebhethri obuthuthukisiwe obuthuthukisa ukusebenza, ukuphila isikhathi eside nokuphepha.Ngokunqoba izinkinga ezinkulu ngamabhethri e-lithium, singakwazi ukubona amandla awo aphelele njengesixazululo esimeme, esithembekile sokugcina amandla esikhathini esizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-22-2024